Types of Water Pumps Based on Depth, Function, and How They Work

Water pumps are an important device in water distribution systems, both for household and industrial use. Various types of water pumps meet different needs, ranging from pumps for household use to more complex industrial applications. Check out some types of water pumps commonly used in Indonesia!

Water Pump Type Based on Water Depth

1. Shallow well pump

Shallow well pumps are used to lift water from a relatively shallow depth, generally from 7 meters to 9 meters. These pumps are ideal for households that have groundwater sources that are not too deep. This type of pump has enough suction to pull water from the ground to the required height.

2. Semi-jet water pump

A semi jet pump is a combination of a shallow well pump and a jet pump. This pump can be used for medium depth wells, around 9 meters to 11 meters. Semi-jet pumps have better pressure and flow capabilities than shallow well pumps, making them suitable for needs that require stronger water pressure.

3. Jet Pump

Jet Pump are designed to lift water from depths of more than 11 meters. These pumps are usually used for deep boreholes or very deep groundwater sources. Deep well pumps have very strong suction and thrust, allowing water to flow from great depths to the surface.

Also read: The Different Types of Cables And Their Uses!

Types of Water Pumps Based on Function

1. Non-automatic Pump

Non-automatic pumps require manual intervention to operate. The user must manually turn the pump on and off as needed. This type of pump is usually simpler and cheaper, but requires more attention from the user to ensure the pump runs when needed and shuts off when not in use.

2. Automatic Pump

Automatic pumps are equipped with sensors or automatic switches that allow the pump to turn on and off automatically based on a certain water pressure or water level. This type of pump is more practical and efficient as it does not require manual intervention, thus reducing the risk of damage due to the pump being left on for too long.

Also read: Short Circuits: What It Is, Causes, And How To Overcome

Types of Water Pumps Based on Working Methods

Based on how they work, here are nine types of water pumps that are commonly used.

1. Centrifugal pump

Image source: https://www.nuclear-power.com/nuclear-engineering/fluid-dynamics/centrifugal-pumps/parts-of-centrifugal-pump/

Centrifugal pumps are one of the most commonly used types of water pumps. Its working principle is based on centrifugal force that converts mechanical energy into kinetic and potential energy, allowing water to be moved from one place to another. Centrifugal pumps are suitable for home applications, agricultural irrigation, as well as light industrial use.

2. Positive displacement pump

Image source: https://www.engineeringchoice.com/what-is-a-positive-displacement-pump/

Positive displacement pumps work by moving a certain volume of liquid with each duty cycle. It ensures consistent and precise flow, making it perfect for applications that require a fixed volume of liquid under varying pressure conditions.

3. Rotary displacement pump

Rotary displacement pumps are a type of positive displacement pump that uses rotating elements to move liquids. Some examples of this type of pump are gear pumps, screw pumps, and vane pumps. These pumps are usually used to pump high-viscosity liquids such as oil and paint.

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4. Dynamic pump

Image source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/dynamic-pump

Dynamic pumps work by converting velocity into pressure to move liquids. These pumps generally perform better at large flows and low to medium pressures. Dynamic pumps are commonly used for water supply, pumping crude oil and in the food industry.

5. Axial and Radial Centrifugal Pumps

Image source: https://www.pumpsandsystems.com/what-difference-between-centrifugal-rotodynamic-pumps

In axial pumps, the liquid will flow along the impeller shaft and be discharged in an axial direction. These pumps provide high flow with a lower pressure rise, making them suitable for applications such as drainage or cooling systems with large flow requirements.

Meanwhile, in a radial pump, liquid enters the impeller axially and is discharged radially. These pumps provide high pressure and are suitable for applications that require high pressure but relatively low flow.

6. Reciprocating Pump

Image source: https://www.quora.com/How-do-reciprocating-pumps-work

Reciprocating pumps are a type of positive displacement pump that uses reciprocating motion to move liquids. Examples of these pumps are piston pumps and plunger pumps. Reciprocating pumps are typically used for high pressure applications such as in hydraulic systems and long-distance water delivery.

7. Peristaltic pump

Image source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/peristaltic-pump

Peristaltic pumps move liquid by compressing a flexible hose using a rotating rotor. Each rotation of the rotor causes the liquid inside the hose to be pushed out. These pumps are ideal for pumping liquids that are sensitive or contain solid particles as the liquid does not experience direct contact with the moving parts of the pump.

8. Diaphragm pump

Image source: https://www.flux-pumps.com/en-DE/products/air-operated-diaphragm-pumps.html

Diaphragm pumps are a type of positive displacement pump that uses a flexible diaphragm that vibrates to move liquids. This pump is excellent for liquids that are corrosive or contain solid particles. Diaphragm pumps are often used in chemical industry applications and wastewater treatment.

9. Submersible pump

This pump is called submersible pumps, because all components of this pump are submerged in the water to be pumped to the surface.

In terms of overall function, this pump is the same as other pumps. There is one difference, that is this pump has a drive motor which is located on the pump body itself. The working principle is to convert kinetic energy or rotation speed into potential energy. This potential energy is used to push water or liquid from the water source to the surface.

In maintaining the performance of a submersible pump, one important component that is often overlooked is the pump cable. A high-quality submersible pump cable is essential to ensure reliable and safe performance in the long run.

Wilson Cables has long been recognized as a manufacturer of high-quality cables with special designs for water pump applications. One of our featured products is the submersible pump cable with high flexibility and special design for submerged pumps. These cables are designed to withstand underwater conditions, thus ensuring reliable performance and staying safe.

Therefore, do not hesitate to choose Wilson Cables as your partner in maintaining the performance of your water pump system.