Knowing How Solar Panels Work Along With Their Advantages and Disadvantages

Solar panels, also known as photovoltaic (PV), have become one of the main solutions in addressing energy challenges and reducing negative impacts on the environment. By harnessing the sun's abundant energy, solar panels allow us to generate electricity sustainably.

How do Solar Panels Work?

Solar panels operate on the principle of converting solar energy into electricity. The solar panel itself is a collection of solar cells that are arranged to be able to absorb sunlight effectively. Solar cells themselves consist of various photovoltaic components or components that can convert light into electricity. Generally, solar cells consist of a layer of silicon which is semiconductor, metal, anti-reflective, and metal conductor strips. Here are the working steps of solar panels.

1. Conversion of solar energy into electricity

Solar panels work by converting energy from the sun into electricity. This process involves solar cells inside the panel that capture sunlight and produce an electric current in response.

2. Inverters convert electric current

The electricity generated by solar panels is initially direct current (DC). However, electrical appliances generally use alternating current (AC). Therefore, an inverter is used to convert the electric current from the solar panels into alternating current, thus that it can be used to power conventional electrical appliances.

3. Powering electrical equipment

After going through an inverter, the electrical energy generated by the solar panels can be used to power a variety of electrical appliances at home or elsewhere. This includes lighting, electronic equipment, and other devices that require electricity.

Advantages of Solar Panels

The following are some of the advantages of solar panels.

• Renewable energy

Solar panels harness the sun's infinite energy, providing a renewable source of power that can be used for hours every day.

• Environmentally friendly

The process of converting energy from the sun to electricity produces no greenhouse gas emissions or air pollution, helping to protect the environment and reduce the impact of climate change.

• Long warranty

Many solar panel manufacturers offer relatively long warranties, often reaching 25 to 30 years or more. This gives owners added confidence that their investment is protected and can provide long-term benefits.

• Energy storage

By using energy storage systems, such as batteries, solar panels can store the energy generated when the sun is shining for use when the sun is not available, such as at night or during bad weather. This provides a stable supply of electricity, which can be very beneficial in the face of power outages or other emergency situations.

• Decentralized energy provision

Solar panels support decentralized energy provision, reducing dependence on central energy sources.

Disadvantages of Solar Panels

In reality, solar panels also have some drawbacks, namely:

• High initial cost

Although the cost of solar panel installation has come down, the initial cost is still high. However, it becomes interesting with the potential for electricity cost savings in the long run.

• Dependence on weather

The performance of solar panels depends on sunlight, which means that energy production is limited in bad weather or at night.

• Extensive land use

Installing solar panels with a large capacity requires a large area of land. This can be a problem in urban areas or in areas with limited land.

• Waste disposal

The production of solar panels uses chemicals that can damage the environment. Efficient waste management is required to prevent these negative impacts.

• Susceptible to damage

Solar panels can be susceptible to physical damage such as impact or extreme weather, which can affect their performance. Regular care and maintenance are required to ensure its optimal performance.

In other words, the use of solar panels is a concrete step in supporting green technology and contributing to the maintenance of the environment. This has a positive impact on the company's image and the community's concern for sustainability.

Solar panels are also a significant technological innovation in the face of global energy challenges. With a simple yet effective way of working, solar panels provides a solution to utilize solar energy as a clean and sustainable source of electricity. With the increasing awareness of the importance of renewable energy, the implementation of solar panels in various sectors can be the key to a greener and more sustainable future.