Knowing What is a Resistor, Its Function, and Types

Resistor is one of the basic components in the world of electronics that has an important role in regulating electric current in a circuit. The use of resistors is very common in various electronic devices from simple devices to complex systems.

Definition of Resistor

Resistors are electronic components that provide resistance to current flow in a circuit. The resistance value is measured in ohms (Ω) in determining how much resistance is given. With the basic principle of Ohm's law, resistors are used to regulate the flow of electricity in various electronic devices.

Based on the value of the resistor it can be categorized into two types, namely fixed resistors and variable resistors. Resistors have a crucial role in determining the performance characteristics of electronic circuits, a good understanding of the type and character of resistors is important in designing electronic systems with precision. Resistors are made from materials such as carbon and ceramic, with the general determining of a tube. The size of the tube diameter varies according to the capacity of the resistor, the greater the capacity, the greater the diameter of the tube used.

Resistor Function

Some common functions of resistors include:

1. Voltage Regulator

Resistors can be used to lower the voltage at certain points in the circuit by designing the right resistance value and ensuring that the surrounding devices or components receive a voltage that matches their operational needs.

2. Current Regulator

Resistors also function as current regulators by limiting the amount of current flowing in an electronic circuit. Resistors can control the flow of current so that it fits within the desired limits by setting the right resistance. This is useful for protecting sensitive components in the circuit from overcurrent that can cause damage or malfunction.

3. Voltage Divider

Resistors can be used as voltage dividers in circuits. By placing the resistor in a certain configuration like a voltage divider, the voltage value at certain points in the circuit can be adjusted as needed. This provides flexibility in designing electronic circuits to achieve desired voltage values at various points.

4. Component Shielding

Resistors function as protectors of other electronic components from excessive current. By placing a resistor as part of a circuit that functions as a current regulator and protects more sensitive components from damage caused by currents that exceed permissible limits. Resistors become a key component in ensuring the stability and operational safety of an electronic circuit.

Types of Resistors

The following are some types of resistors, including:

1. Fixed Resistor

Fixed resistors are resistors that have a fixed resistance value and cannot be changed manually. There are several types namely carbon composition resistors, carbon film resistors, and metal film resistors. Fixed resistors are used when a fixed resistance value is required in a circuit. For example, carbon resistors are commonly used in applications that do not require the resistance value to change during use.

2. Variable Resistor

Non-fixed resistors or variable resistors can have their resistance value changed manually. Potentiometers are one example of a frequently used variable resistor. Potentiometers allow users to adjust resistance as needed which is useful in regulating voltage or current in a circuit. Besides potentiometers, there are also rheostats and trimmer potentiometer.

3. Thermistor (Thermal Resistor)

Thermistors are a type of resistor that is responsive to changes in temperature. There are two main types of thermistors namely NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) and PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient). The NCT resistance will decrease as the temperature increases, while the PTC resistance will increase as the temperature increases. Thermistors are used in various applications, such as temperature control in electronic devices and thermal protection systems.

4. LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)

Light Dependent Resistor responds to changes in light intensity by changing its resistance. The resistance of the LDR will decrease when exposed to light. Conversely, its resistance increases when in the dark. This makes LDRs often used in automatic regulation circuits such as street lights that switch on automatically at night and switch off during the day. LDRs are also found in photometer applications and light intensity measurements in various electronic equipment.

A good understanding of resistors and their types is very important in designing and understanding various electronic circuits. By knowing the functions and characteristics of each type of resistor, you can optimize the performance of a circuit as needed.